What Is the Future for Michigan's Public Employee Unions?
Ending special union bargaining status for public employees has been a topic across the Great Lakes where Republican governors are preparing to take office.
What would have to happen in Michigan for such a thing to occur here?
As it turns out, the public policy path is very direct, according to Paul Kersey, director of labor policy at the Mackinac Center for Public Policy. Kersey outlined what Michigan would have to do to free itself of public sector union negotiations:
To restrict the influence of state workers’ unions, the governor would have to appoint a new Civil Service Commission that would re-write its work rules and eliminate collective bargaining – the negotiations between government employers and unions.
State police troopers have their bargaining rights tied to a constitutional amendment. To undo that would require one of the following:
Both chambers of the state Legislature, with 2/3 majorities, could place a measure on the ballot to repeal the troopers’ collective bargaining. The voters would need to approve it.
Or, citizens could circulate petitions and put such a proposal on the ballot.
To make such a change for local government unions, including the Michigan Education Association, it would simply require an act of legislature signed by the governor, Kersey said.
“You could do it,” Kersey said. “The problem isn’t the policy. The problem is the politics. You are dealing with the most powerful, entrenched interests in the state.
They’ve wedged themselves in and it’s going to be a huge pain to get them out.”
Other states are trying to go there.
In Ohio, Republican Governor-Elect John Kasich said dismantling the law that allows collective bargaining by public unions will be a top priority.
Wisconsin Republican Governor-Elect Scott Walker said last week he’d consider abolishing state employee unions to save money.
In 2005, Indiana Governor Mitch Daniels issued an executive order ending the state’s policy of collectively bargaining with government employee unions.
Michigan Rep. Dave Agema, R-Grandville, said he thinks right-to-work legislation has to be on the top of the GOP agenda.
He said getting the state out of negotiations with public sector unions “is something I’d be willing to look at.”
“I don’t know if the governor in his first term will have the guts to attack right off the bat. … There’d be a lot of people screaming about it. … Our government unions, their health care and their retirement are just out of whack with society.”
National experts say it wouldn’t be easy to succeed in Michigan.
“It’s a political question,” said Steve Malanga, senior fellow at the Manhattan Institute. “You have a highly unionized state in Michigan. It would be very difficult.”
Interestingly, Malanga said knocking out collective bargaining with Michigan’s public sector unions could take the cooperation of their private sector brethren.
He pointed to New Jersey’s Stephen Sweeney as an example. Sweeney is a Democratic state senator who is also the general organizer for the International Association of Ironworkers. When Sweeney supported cutting state workers’ pay and benefit in lieu of approving a one-cent sales text increase, it was reported that some state workers placed a large inflatable rat outside his workplace.
Malanga sees a type of class warfare going on between public and private sector unions.
“Private sector unions are rising against the public sector,” Malanga said. “They realize they are paying the bill.”
Michigan Capitol Confidential is the news source produced by the Mackinac Center for Public Policy. Michigan Capitol Confidential reports with a free-market news perspective.
Plymouth-Canton Teacher Contract Summary
Teachers in the Plymouth-Canton Community Schools contribute nothing to the cost of their health insurance premiums, and in 2009 received an average salary of $66,644. The local school union president is also carried as a full-time employee on the district's books, but is not required to teach or provide any other service — she collects a salary and full benefits but is granted full "release-time." These are among the highlights in the current collective bargaining agreement negotiated between the district and the local arm of the Michigan Education Association union.
About 67 percent of the district's $147 million operating budget goes towards paying employees covered by this contract, which covers teachers and a few other employee groups. Plymouth-Canton enrolls about 19,000 students and employs approximately 1,080 teachers. The district spent $9,409 per pupil in 2009, a decrease of about 2 percent from the previous school year.
The base salary for most Plymouth-Canton teachers is between $60,607 and $79,743. Teachers are paid much like assembly line workers: how much an individual actually gets is determined by a single salary schedule that grants automatic pay raises based only on years on the job plus additional pedagogy credentials. Plymouth-Canton teachers receive "step" increases of five to nine percent for their first 10 years in the district. After 15 years, teachers get a special annual "longevity" payment that ranges from $300 to $1,000.
School employees receive a lifetime pension when they retire, and also expect to get lifetime post-retirement health benefits. Based on the state-run retirement system's formula, the starting pension for a Plymouth-Canton teacher with 30 years experience and an average base salary of $79,743 (the final "step" on the salary schedule) would be $35,763. For most retirees, this amount increases by 3 percent every year. The district also pays $7,500 and $100 per year on the job to teachers upon retiring. Most employees may begin collecting a pension upon reaching age of 55, or younger if he or she has 30 years of employment in public schools.
The union contract includes extra bonus pay for additional duties. Teachers can make (based on the average salary) between $50 and $86 an hour for supervising special events like dances. Bus duty and "noon" duty pay $39.63 and $32.42 per hour, respectively, and substituting for another teacher's class nets $25.67 an hour. Middle school representative leaders get an extra $1,997 per year.
The district self-funds for teacher health insurance. The Plymouth-Canton plan features no in-network deductible, co-pays of $15 to $30 for office visits, urgent care and the emergency room and a $10/$20 RX plan. The district also pays for dental, vision, life and long-term disability insurance with no cost to employees.
Working hours and conditions are also covered in the contract. It defines the "work year" as 185 days. Teachers are contractually obligated to be at school for 455 minutes per day in the high schools and elementary schools and 435 minutes in middle school. That works out to a total work year of 1,403 hours. Additionally, teachers may not required to supervise playgrounds or buses before or after school, collect money for non-education purposes, prepare form letters or perform any custodial or maintenance duties.
Teachers are allotted between 10 and 15 paid leave days per year that may be used for personal illness, illness in the immediate family, bereavement or personal business. Unused leave days can accumulate up to 180. Teachers may take unpaid leaves for one or two years for personal illness, study, international teaching, "professional growth," child care or service in the military. Upon returning from leave, teachers are guaranteed the opportunity to return to the same or an equivalent teaching position.
The district also pays out stipends for coaching and participating in other extracurricular activities, such as band, drama, student clubs and many others. Aside from the more than 40 different athletic-related positions that pay between $$1,598 and $7,949 annually, there are dozens of different extracurricular positions that pay between $1,598 and $7,272 each year.
A fully detailed analysis can be found here.
Michigan Capitol Confidential is the news source produced by the Mackinac Center for Public Policy. Michigan Capitol Confidential reports with a free-market news perspective.
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